They fall into several mechanistic classes: Alkylating agents, heavy metals, antimetabolites, anthracycline Rituximab is an example of a monoclonal antibody.
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alkylating agent Molecular biology An organic compound able to transfer an alkyl group to a nucleotide Oncology A generic term for any of a family of chemotherapeutics that cause irreversible damage to tumor cells and apoptotic destruction Route of administration IV, oral Adverse reactions Stomatitis, N&V, diarrhea, skin rash, anemia, alopecia; with cyclophosphamide, hemorrhagic cystitis Alkylating agents. Alkylating agents are classified according to their nucleophilic or electrophilic character.. Nucleophilic alkylating agents. Examples include the use of organometallic compounds such as Grignard (organomagnesium), organolithium, organocopper, and organosodium reagents.
Some alkylating agents are active under conditions present in cells; and the same mechanism that makes them toxic allows them to be DNA alkylating medications mainly used as anticancer agents, and some examples include cyclophosphamide, busulfan, and lomustine. They disrupt the Translations in context of "alkylating" in English-Portuguese from Reverso Context: Benzyl chloride is an alkylating agent. Examples of alkylating agents include busulfan, cisplatin, carboplatin, chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, dacarbazine (DTIC), mechlorethamine 27 Nov 2019 Examples of basic alkyl group structures. Alkylating agents are chemicals that when they encounter the bases that make up DNA-guanine, Alkylating agent definition: any cytotoxic drug containing alkyl groups, such as chlorambucil , that acts by Examples of 'alkylating agent' in a sentence.
progression following bifunctional alkylating agent treatment and correlate the changes with cytotoxicity and DNA damage. Using a variety of cell types, both mono- and bifunctional alkylating agents, and drugs which modify the DNA damage and toxicity of the alkylating agents, we will be
Find technical definitions and synonyms by letter for drugs/agents used to treat patients with cancer or conditions related to cancer. Each entry includes links to find associated clinical trials. progression following bifunctional alkylating agent treatment and correlate the changes with cytotoxicity and DNA damage.
2017-03-27 · Alkylating agents usually induce mispairing between bases. Alkylating agents transfer methyl or ethyl groups to bases or the backbone phosphate group. As a consequence,the altered bases pair with the wrong complement. This either disrupts base pairing directly or causes loss of bases. Which ever ways, this leads to faulty DNA replication or repair. For example when guanine is alkylated it can
The example of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea. Tosato ML, Terlizzese M, Dogliotti E. The half-life of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) in water solution was measured at pH 6.1, 6.8 and 7.3 using buffer systems characterized by differences in quality and quantity of the component species. Examples include Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide, Chlorambucil, Busulfan and Melphalan. 1, 7, 11 . The nitrosureas are a subgroup of the alkylating agents. They also interfere with DNA replication and repair. They are highly lipid soluble and readily cross the blood-brain barrier.
They also interfere with DNA replication and repair. They are highly lipid soluble and readily cross the blood-brain barrier. An example is Carmustine. 1, 7, 11
2020-12-31
Highly reactive chemicals that introduce alkyl radicals into biologically active molecules and thereby prevent their proper functioning. Many are | Explore the latest full-text research PDFs
For example, the therapeutic index of alkylating agents should improve if the alkylation of tumor cells were increased without a simultaneous increase in normal tissue alkylation.
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INDICATIONS. treats slow-growing cancers like: An example of a drug used to manage side effects is Leucovorin.It is used to rescues normal cells from the adverse effects of methotrexate therapy in the treatment of Alkylating agents.
alkylammonium.
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It is also possible for nucleophilic groups in proteins to react with alkylating agents, giving the class of drugs selectivity problems. Drugs that possess two electrophilic groups can react with the opposing strand of DNA causing crosslinking. Mustard gases used during the First World War are an example of alkylating agents.
An alkyl group is basically a chain of CH 2 units of any length capped with a terminal hydrogen atom, so an alkylation reaction is simply the addition of an alkyl chain to another molecule. Alkylating agents work to destroy DNA and block replication of cells in any phase of the cell cycle → even cells that are not rapidly diving in G0→ this makes it a good option for slower-growing cancers; Two sub-types exist Nitrosoureas → lipid-soluble → CAN cross the blood-brain barrier Carmustine is an example Alkylating agents Although alkylating agents may be used for most types of cancer, they are generally of greatest value in treating slow-growing cancers.
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6 Apr 2005 Alkylating agents work by directly interacting with exposed DNA and adding Epirubicin and mitozantrone are other examples of anthracycline
This means that they will add an alkyl group, such as methyl or ethyl, to a base in DNA. Examples of commonly used alkylating agents in laboratory work are N-methyl-nitrosoguanidine and N-methyl-N'-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG, Figure 7.9.A.). Alkylating agent definition is - a substance that causes replacement of hydrogen by an alkyl group especially in a biologically important molecule; specifically : one with mutagenic activity that inhibits cell division and growth and is used to treat some cancers. 2020-11-17 alkylating agent Molecular biology An organic compound able to transfer an alkyl group to a nucleotide Oncology A generic term for any of a family of chemotherapeutics that cause irreversible damage to tumor cells and apoptotic destruction Route of administration IV, oral Adverse reactions Stomatitis, N&V, diarrhea, skin rash, anemia, alopecia; with cyclophosphamide, hemorrhagic cystitis 2020-04-08 Alkylating agents are chemicals that add an alkyl group (C n H 2n+1) to another molecule. Alkylation of a base may change the normal base pairing. For example, the alkylating agent EMS converts guanine to 7-ethylguanine which pairs with thymine.